feat(comments): 软删占位、理由与恢复，管理删仅对访客打码

自删/管理删差异文案与理由可见性，评论者与管理员免马赛克，并支持恢复与处理人链接。

Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>

backend/handler/comment.go

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) CreateComment(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"comment": comment})
 }
 
-// DeleteComment 软删评论（占位）
+// DeleteComment 软删评论（占位；自删与管理删均须填理由，管理删另须类型）
 func (h *Handlers) DeleteComment(c *gin.Context) {
 	claims := middleware.CurrentUser(c)
 	cid, err := strconv.ParseUint(c.Param("cid"), 10, 64)
@@ -114,18 +114,58 @@ func (h *Handlers) DeleteComment(c *gin.Context) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "无效的评论 ID"})
 		return
 	}
-	if err := h.Comment.Delete(h.loadActor(claims.ID), uint(cid), claims.ID); err != nil {
+	var body struct {
+		DeleteType   string `json:"delete_type"`
+		DeleteReason string `json:"delete_reason"`
+	}
+	_ = c.ShouldBindJSON(&body)
+	if err := h.Comment.Delete(h.loadActor(claims.ID), uint(cid), claims.ID, service.DeleteCommentOpts{
+		DeleteType:   body.DeleteType,
+		DeleteReason: body.DeleteReason,
+	}); err != nil {
 		switch {
 		case errors.Is(err, service.ErrCommentNotFound):
 			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		case errors.Is(err, service.ErrCommentForbidden):
 			c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		case errors.Is(err, service.ErrCommentDeleteMeta),
+			errors.Is(err, service.ErrCommentInvalidType):
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		default:
+			msg := err.Error()
+			if msg == "删除理由不能超过 200 字" {
+				c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": msg})
+				return
+			}
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": msg})
+		}
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "已删除"})
+}
+
+// RestoreComment 恢复软删评论（自删作者或版主）
+func (h *Handlers) RestoreComment(c *gin.Context) {
+	claims := middleware.CurrentUser(c)
+	cid, err := strconv.ParseUint(c.Param("cid"), 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "无效的评论 ID"})
+		return
+	}
+	if err := h.Comment.Restore(h.loadActor(claims.ID), uint(cid), claims.ID); err != nil {
+		switch {
+		case errors.Is(err, service.ErrCommentNotFound):
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		case errors.Is(err, service.ErrCommentForbidden):
+			c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "无权限恢复此评论"})
+		case errors.Is(err, service.ErrCommentNotDeleted):
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		default:
 			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		}
 		return
 	}
-	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "已删除"})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "已恢复"})
 }
 
 // PurgeComment 硬删评论及子树（仅版主；不占位）

backend/handler/moderation.go

@@ -157,7 +157,26 @@ func (h *Handlers) AdminPurgePost(c *gin.Context) {
 }
 
 func (h *Handlers) AdminSoftDeleteComment(c *gin.Context) {
-	h.execContentAction(c, h.Moderation.SoftDeleteComment)
+	id, err := strconv.ParseUint(c.Param("id"), 10, 64)
+	if err != nil || id == 0 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "无效的 ID"})
+		return
+	}
+	var body struct {
+		DeleteType   string `json:"delete_type"`
+		DeleteReason string `json:"delete_reason"`
+	}
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&body); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "请提交删除类型与理由"})
+		return
+	}
+	actor := middleware.CurrentActor(c)
+	if err := h.Moderation.SoftDeleteComment(actor, uint(id), body.DeleteType, body.DeleteReason); err != nil {
+		h.writeModerationError(c, err)
+		return
+	}
+	h.broadcastModerationChanged()
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "操作成功"})
 }
 
 func (h *Handlers) AdminRestoreComment(c *gin.Context) {

backend/model/models.go

@@ -310,6 +310,10 @@ type Comment struct {
 	Depth     int            `gorm:"not null;default:0" json:"depth"` // 层级：主评论 0，子评论 = 父 + 1
 	Content   string         `gorm:"type:text;not null" json:"content"`
 	Status    string         `gorm:"size:16;default:published;index" json:"status"`
+	// 软删元数据：列表 Unscoped 作 tombstone；DeletedBy≠UserID 为管理删除
+	DeleteType   string `gorm:"size:32;default:''" json:"delete_type,omitempty"`
+	DeleteReason string `gorm:"size:256;default:''" json:"delete_reason,omitempty"`
+	DeletedBy    uint   `gorm:"not null;default:0" json:"deleted_by,omitempty"`
 	CreatedAt    time.Time      `json:"created_at"`
 	UpdatedAt    time.Time      `json:"updated_at"`
 	DeletedAt    gorm.DeletedAt `gorm:"index" json:"-"`

backend/router/router.go

@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ func Setup(cfg *config.Config) (*gin.Engine, error) {
 		api.POST("/posts/:id/like", h.ToggleLike)
 		api.POST("/posts/:id/comments", middleware.RateLimitMiddleware(limiter, service.RateComment), h.CreateComment)
 		api.DELETE("/posts/:id/comments/:cid", h.DeleteComment)
+		api.PUT("/posts/:id/comments/:cid/restore", h.RestoreComment)
 		api.DELETE("/posts/:id/comments/:cid/purge", h.PurgeComment)
 		// 通知
 		api.GET("/notifications", h.Notifications)

backend/service/admin_content.go

@@ -366,8 +366,8 @@ func (s *ModerationService) PurgePost(actor *Actor, id uint) error {
 	})
 }
 
-// SoftDeleteComment 软删单条评论（不级联子树，后台点对点清理）
+// SoftDeleteComment 软删单条评论（不级联子树）；须选类型，「其他」才须填理由
-func (s *ModerationService) SoftDeleteComment(actor *Actor, id uint) error {
+func (s *ModerationService) SoftDeleteComment(actor *Actor, id uint, deleteType, deleteReason string) error {
 	cm, _, err := s.loadCommentUnscoped(actor, id)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -375,6 +375,29 @@ func (s *ModerationService) SoftDeleteComment(actor *Actor, id uint) error {
 	if cm.DeletedAt.Valid {
 		return errors.New("评论已在回收站")
 	}
+	deleteType = strings.TrimSpace(deleteType)
+	deleteReason = strings.TrimSpace(deleteReason)
+	if !model.ValidPostDeleteType(deleteType) {
+		return errors.New("无效的删除类型")
+	}
+	if deleteType == model.PostDeleteTypeOther {
+		if deleteReason == "" {
+			return errors.New("请填写删除理由")
+		}
+		if len([]rune(deleteReason)) > 200 {
+			return errors.New("删除理由不能超过 200 字")
+		}
+	} else {
+		deleteReason = ""
+	}
+	updates := map[string]interface{}{
+		"delete_type":   deleteType,
+		"delete_reason": deleteReason,
+		"deleted_by":    actor.ID,
+	}
+	if err := s.db.Model(cm).Updates(updates).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	if err := s.db.Delete(cm).Error; err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -385,7 +408,7 @@ func (s *ModerationService) SoftDeleteComment(actor *Actor, id uint) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// RestoreComment 恢复单条评论
+// RestoreComment 恢复单条评论，并清空删除元数据
 func (s *ModerationService) RestoreComment(actor *Actor, id uint) error {
 	cm, _, err := s.loadCommentUnscoped(actor, id)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -394,7 +417,13 @@ func (s *ModerationService) RestoreComment(actor *Actor, id uint) error {
 	if !cm.DeletedAt.Valid {
 		return errors.New("评论未被删除")
 	}
-	if err := s.db.Unscoped().Model(&model.Comment{}).Where("id = ?", id).Update("deleted_at", nil).Error; err != nil {
+	updates := map[string]interface{}{
+		"deleted_at":    nil,
+		"delete_type":   "",
+		"delete_reason": "",
+		"deleted_by":    0,
+	}
+	if err := s.db.Unscoped().Model(&model.Comment{}).Where("id = ?", id).Updates(updates).Error; err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	if cm.Status == model.ContentStatusPublished {

backend/service/comment.go

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ import (
 var (
 	ErrCommentNotFound    = errors.New("评论不存在")
 	ErrCommentForbidden   = errors.New("无权限删除此评论")
+	ErrCommentDeleteMeta  = errors.New("请填写删除理由")
+	ErrCommentInvalidType = errors.New("无效的删除类型")
+	ErrCommentNotDeleted  = errors.New("评论未被删除")
 )
 
 // CommentService 评论服务
@@ -28,9 +31,19 @@ func NewCommentService(db *gorm.DB) *CommentService {
 type CommentNode struct {
 	model.Comment
 	Deleted       bool               `json:"deleted,omitempty"`        // 软删占位
+	StaffDeleted  bool               `json:"staff_deleted,omitempty"`  // DeletedBy≠评论者
+	DeletedByUser *CommentActorBrief `json:"deleted_by_user,omitempty"` // 管理删执行者（公开）
 	Replies       []CommentNode      `json:"replies,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// CommentActorBrief 评论相关公开用户摘要（删评管理员链接等）
+type CommentActorBrief struct {
+	ID       uint   `json:"id"`
+	Username string `json:"username"`
+	Nickname string `json:"nickname"`
+	Avatar   string `json:"avatar"`
+}
+
 // maxReplyDepth 回复层级上限（主评论为 0 层），防止恶意无限嵌套
 const maxReplyDepth = 10
 
@@ -92,19 +105,25 @@ func (s *CommentService) ListFloorPaged(postID, boardID, viewerID uint, actor *A
 			children[*r.ParentID] = append(children[*r.ParentID], r)
 		}
 	}
+	allRows := make([]model.Comment, 0, len(roots)+len(replies))
+	allRows = append(allRows, roots...)
+	allRows = append(allRows, replies...)
+	deleters := s.loadCommentActorsByIDs(collectStaffDeleterIDs(allRows))
+
 	placed := make(map[uint]bool, len(roots)+len(replies))
+	revealAudit := actor != nil && actor.CanModerateBoard(boardID)
 	var build func(pid uint) []CommentNode
 	build = func(pid uint) []CommentNode {
 		out := []CommentNode{}
 		for _, c := range children[pid] {
-			out = append(out, toCommentNode(c, build(c.ID)))
+			out = append(out, toCommentNode(c, build(c.ID), revealAudit, deleters))
 			placed[c.ID] = true
 		}
 		return out
 	}
 	result := make([]CommentNode, len(roots))
 	for i := range roots {
-		result[i] = toCommentNode(roots[i], build(roots[i].ID))
+		result[i] = toCommentNode(roots[i], build(roots[i].ID), revealAudit, deleters)
 		placed[roots[i].ID] = true
 	}
 	for _, r := range replies {
@@ -113,7 +132,7 @@ func (s *CommentService) ListFloorPaged(postID, boardID, viewerID uint, actor *A
 		}
 		for i := range result {
 			if result[i].ID == *r.RootID {
-				result[i].Replies = append(result[i].Replies, toCommentNode(r, build(r.ID)))
+				result[i].Replies = append(result[i].Replies, toCommentNode(r, build(r.ID), revealAudit, deleters))
 				break
 			}
 		}
@@ -121,14 +140,70 @@ func (s *CommentService) ListFloorPaged(postID, boardID, viewerID uint, actor *A
 	return result, floors, totalComments, nil
 }
 
-// toCommentNode 软删行清空正文与用户展示信息，标 deleted
+func collectStaffDeleterIDs(rows []model.Comment) []uint {
-func toCommentNode(c model.Comment, replies []CommentNode) CommentNode {
+	seen := map[uint]bool{}
+	var ids []uint
+	for _, c := range rows {
+		if !c.DeletedAt.Valid || c.DeletedBy == 0 || c.DeletedBy == c.UserID {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !seen[c.DeletedBy] {
+			seen[c.DeletedBy] = true
+			ids = append(ids, c.DeletedBy)
+		}
+	}
+	return ids
+}
+
+func (s *CommentService) loadCommentActorsByIDs(ids []uint) map[uint]CommentActorBrief {
+	out := map[uint]CommentActorBrief{}
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		return out
+	}
+	var users []model.User
+	if err := s.db.Select("id", "username", "nickname", "avatar").Where("id IN ?", ids).Find(&users).Error; err != nil {
+		return out
+	}
+	for _, u := range users {
+		out[u.ID] = CommentActorBrief{
+			ID:       u.ID,
+			Username: u.Username,
+			Nickname: u.Nickname,
+			Avatar:   u.Avatar,
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// toCommentNode 软删占位：清空公开正文；版主保留原文；自删理由仅版主可见。
+func toCommentNode(c model.Comment, replies []CommentNode, revealAudit bool, deleters map[uint]CommentActorBrief) CommentNode {
 	if !c.DeletedAt.Valid {
 		return CommentNode{Comment: c, Replies: replies}
 	}
+	staff := c.DeletedBy != 0 && c.DeletedBy != c.UserID
+	if !revealAudit {
 		c.Content = ""
-	c.User = model.User{}
+	}
-	return CommentNode{Comment: c, Deleted: true, Replies: replies}
+	if !staff {
+		c.DeleteType = ""
+		if !revealAudit {
+			c.DeleteReason = ""
+		}
+	}
+	var deleter *CommentActorBrief
+	if staff {
+		if u, ok := deleters[c.DeletedBy]; ok {
+			cp := u
+			deleter = &cp
+		}
+	}
+	return CommentNode{
+		Comment:       c,
+		Deleted:       true,
+		StaffDeleted:  staff,
+		DeletedByUser: deleter,
+		Replies:       replies,
+	}
 }
 
 // applyCommentListVisibility 评论流可见性：published，或 pending 且（作者 / 该板可审）；
@@ -265,20 +340,60 @@ func (s *CommentService) CountByUser(userID uint) (int64, error) {
 	return total, err
 }
 
-// Delete 软删单条评论（作者本人或板块审核权），不级联子树；占位保留楼层。
+// DeleteCommentOpts 软删选项：自删须填理由；staff 须选类型，「其他」才须填理由
-func (s *CommentService) Delete(actor *Actor, commentID, userID uint) error {
+type DeleteCommentOpts struct {
+	DeleteType   string
+	DeleteReason string
+}
+
+// Delete 软删单条评论（评论者本人或板块审核权），不级联子树；占位保留楼层。
+func (s *CommentService) Delete(actor *Actor, commentID, userID uint, opts DeleteCommentOpts) error {
 	var comment model.Comment
 	if err := s.db.First(&comment, commentID).Error; err != nil {
 		return ErrCommentNotFound
 	}
-	if comment.UserID != userID {
+
+	deleteType := ""
+	deleteReason := strings.TrimSpace(opts.DeleteReason)
+	if comment.UserID == userID {
+		if deleteReason == "" {
+			return ErrCommentDeleteMeta
+		}
+		if len([]rune(deleteReason)) > 200 {
+			return errors.New("删除理由不能超过 200 字")
+		}
+	} else {
 		var post model.Post
 		if err := s.db.Select("id", "board_id").First(&post, comment.PostID).Error; err != nil {
 			return ErrCommentNotFound
 		}
-		if !actor.CanModerateBoard(post.BoardID) {
+		if actor == nil || !actor.CanModerateBoard(post.BoardID) {
 			return ErrCommentForbidden
 		}
+		deleteType = strings.TrimSpace(opts.DeleteType)
+		if !model.ValidPostDeleteType(deleteType) {
+			return ErrCommentInvalidType
+		}
+		if deleteType == model.PostDeleteTypeOther {
+			if deleteReason == "" {
+				return ErrCommentDeleteMeta
+			}
+			if len([]rune(deleteReason)) > 200 {
+				return errors.New("删除理由不能超过 200 字")
+			}
+		} else {
+			// 非「其他」仅展示类型标签，不落库自由文本
+			deleteReason = ""
+		}
+	}
+
+	updates := map[string]interface{}{
+		"delete_type":   deleteType,
+		"delete_reason": deleteReason,
+		"deleted_by":    userID,
+	}
+	if err := s.db.Model(&comment).Updates(updates).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 	if err := s.db.Delete(&comment).Error; err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -290,6 +405,49 @@ func (s *CommentService) Delete(actor *Actor, commentID, userID uint) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Restore 恢复软删评论：作者可恢复自己的自删；版主可恢复本板任意软删（含管理删除）。
+func (s *CommentService) Restore(actor *Actor, commentID, userID uint) error {
+	var comment model.Comment
+	if err := s.db.Unscoped().First(&comment, commentID).Error; err != nil {
+		return ErrCommentNotFound
+	}
+	if !comment.DeletedAt.Valid {
+		return ErrCommentNotDeleted
+	}
+
+	staffDeleted := comment.DeletedBy != 0 && comment.DeletedBy != comment.UserID
+	allowed := false
+	if comment.UserID == userID && !staffDeleted {
+		allowed = true
+	} else {
+		var post model.Post
+		if err := s.db.Select("id", "board_id").First(&post, comment.PostID).Error; err != nil {
+			return ErrCommentNotFound
+		}
+		if actor != nil && actor.CanModerateBoard(post.BoardID) {
+			allowed = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !allowed {
+		return ErrCommentForbidden
+	}
+
+	updates := map[string]interface{}{
+		"deleted_at":    nil,
+		"delete_type":   "",
+		"delete_reason": "",
+		"deleted_by":    0,
+	}
+	if err := s.db.Unscoped().Model(&model.Comment{}).Where("id = ?", commentID).Updates(updates).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if comment.Status == model.ContentStatusPublished {
+		s.db.Model(&model.Post{}).Where("id = ?", comment.PostID).
+			UpdateColumn("comment_count", gorm.Expr("comment_count + 1"))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // collectDescendantIDs 收集以 root 为根的子树 ID（含自身）
 func (s *CommentService) collectDescendantIDs(comment model.Comment) []uint {
 	var all []model.Comment

frontend/app/admin/content/ContentAdmin.tsx

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import { toast } from "@/lib/toast";
 import Avatar from "@/components/Avatar";
 import ConfirmDialog from "@/components/ConfirmDialog";
 import StaffDeletePostModal from "@/components/StaffDeletePostModal";
+import DeleteCommentModal from "@/components/DeleteCommentModal";
 
 const PAGE_SIZE = 15;
 
@@ -142,6 +143,8 @@ export default function ContentAdmin({
   const [confirmBusy, setConfirmBusy] = useState(false);
   const [staffDeletePost, setStaffDeletePost] = useState<AdminContentPost | null>(null);
   const [staffDeleteBusy, setStaffDeleteBusy] = useState(false);
+  const [staffDeleteComment, setStaffDeleteComment] = useState<AdminContentComment | null>(null);
+  const [staffDeleteCommentBusy, setStaffDeleteCommentBusy] = useState(false);
 
   const refreshCounts = useCallback(() => {
     apiAdminContentCounts().then(setCounts).catch(() => {});
@@ -605,18 +608,7 @@ export default function ContentAdmin({
                       type="button"
                       className="btn btn-line btn-sm"
                       disabled={busy}
-                      onClick={() =>
+                      onClick={() => setStaffDeleteComment(c)}
-                        askConfirm(
-                          "移入回收站",
-                          "确定软删这条评论吗？可在「已删除」中恢复。",
-                          () =>
-                            apiAdminSoftDeleteComment(c.id).then(() => {
-                              toast("已移入回收站", "ok");
-                              reload(commentsPage);
-                            }),
-                          true
-                        )
-                      }
                     >
                       <Trash2 size={14} /> 删除
                     </button>
@@ -702,6 +694,25 @@ export default function ContentAdmin({
             .finally(() => setStaffDeleteBusy(false));
         }}
       />
+
+      <DeleteCommentModal
+        open={!!staffDeleteComment}
+        mode="staff"
+        busy={staffDeleteCommentBusy}
+        onClose={() => !staffDeleteCommentBusy && setStaffDeleteComment(null)}
+        onConfirm={(opts) => {
+          if (!staffDeleteComment) return;
+          setStaffDeleteCommentBusy(true);
+          apiAdminSoftDeleteComment(staffDeleteComment.id, opts)
+            .then(() => {
+              toast("已移入回收站", "ok");
+              setStaffDeleteComment(null);
+              reload(commentsPage);
+            })
+            .catch((e) => toast(e instanceof Error ? e.message : "操作失败"))
+            .finally(() => setStaffDeleteCommentBusy(false));
+        }}
+      />
     </div>
   );
 }

frontend/app/globals.css

@@ -2154,6 +2154,161 @@ html.dark .prose-content pre[data-theme] span {
   font-size: 13.5px;
 }
 
+/* 软删占位：头像/昵称马赛克，可读结构但不可辨认身份 */
+.cmt-mosaic-avatar {
+  position: relative;
+  display: inline-flex;
+  border-radius: 9999px;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  pointer-events: none;
+  user-select: none;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+.cmt-mosaic-avatar > * {
+  filter: blur(7px) saturate(0.35) contrast(0.9);
+  transform: scale(1.2);
+}
+.cmt-mosaic-avatar::after {
+  content: "";
+  position: absolute;
+  inset: 0;
+  border-radius: inherit;
+  background-image:
+    repeating-linear-gradient(
+      0deg,
+      color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 18%, transparent) 0 1px,
+      transparent 1px 3px
+    ),
+    repeating-linear-gradient(
+      90deg,
+      color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 18%, transparent) 0 1px,
+      transparent 1px 3px
+    );
+  mix-blend-mode: soft-light;
+  pointer-events: none;
+}
+.cmt-mosaic-name {
+  display: inline-block;
+  max-width: 9rem;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  filter: blur(5px);
+  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
+  user-select: none;
+  pointer-events: none;
+  transform: scaleY(1.05);
+}
+.cmt-tombstone {
+  border-radius: 12px;
+  padding: 10px 12px;
+  background: var(--panel-2);
+  border: 1px dashed color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink-3) 45%, var(--line));
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-title {
+  font-size: 13px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  color: var(--ink-2);
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-reason {
+  margin-top: 6px;
+  font-size: 12.5px;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  color: var(--ink-3);
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-tag {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  padding: 2px 8px;
+  border-radius: 9999px;
+  font-size: 11px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--danger) 12%, var(--panel));
+  color: var(--danger);
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-tag-self {
+  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink-3) 16%, var(--panel));
+  color: var(--ink-3);
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-audit {
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  padding: 8px 10px;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+  border: 1px dashed color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 40%, var(--line));
+  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent-soft) 55%, var(--panel));
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-audit-label {
+  display: inline-block;
+  font-size: 11px;
+  font-weight: 700;
+  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
+  color: var(--accent);
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-orig {
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  padding: 8px 10px;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+  border: 1px solid var(--line);
+  background: var(--panel);
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-orig .prose-comment {
+  font-size: 13px;
+  opacity: 0.92;
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-mod {
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 8px;
+  font-size: 12.5px;
+  color: var(--ink-2);
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-mod a {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 6px;
+  color: var(--accent);
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+.cmt-tombstone-mod a:hover {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+/* 评论管理操作：紧凑文字按钮组，取代孤立图标 */
+.cmt-mod-actions {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 2px;
+  padding: 2px;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+  background: var(--panel-2);
+  border: 1px solid var(--line);
+}
+.cmt-mod-btn {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 4px;
+  padding: 5px 10px;
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  line-height: 1;
+  color: var(--ink-2);
+  transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s;
+}
+.cmt-mod-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {
+  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--danger) 10%, var(--panel));
+  color: var(--danger);
+}
+.cmt-mod-btn:disabled {
+  opacity: 0.5;
+}
+.cmt-mod-btn-danger:hover:not(:disabled) {
+  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--danger) 16%, var(--panel));
+  color: var(--danger);
+}
+
 @media (max-width: 640px) {
   .cmt-replies-wrap {
     padding: 4px 8px;

frontend/components/CommentSection.tsx

@@ -11,15 +11,18 @@ import {
   ChevronDown,
   BadgeCheck,
   XCircle,
+  RotateCcw,
 } from "lucide-react";
 import {
   apiCreateComment,
   apiDeleteComment,
+  apiRestoreComment,
   apiPurgeComment,
   apiAcceptBounty,
   apiAcceptQuestion,
   apiAdminApproveComment,
   apiAdminRejectComment,
+  postDeleteTypeLabel,
   type CommentNode,
   type User,
 } from "@/lib/api";
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@ import Avatar from "./Avatar";
 import Pagination from "./Pagination";
 import MarkdownBodyClient from "@/components/MarkdownBodyClient";
 import ConfirmDialog from "@/components/ConfirmDialog";
+import DeleteCommentModal, { type DeleteCommentPayload } from "@/components/DeleteCommentModal";
 
 interface CommentSectionProps {
   postId: string;
@@ -51,14 +55,48 @@ interface CommentSectionProps {
   allowComments?: boolean;
 }
 
-// 删除按钮的两段式确认：点一下进入确认态，3 秒未确认自动复原
+// 递归统计子树回复数（彻底删除级联提示用）
-const CONFIRM_RESET_MS = 3000;
-
-// 递归统计子树回复数（删除级联提示用）
 function countReplies(node: CommentNode): number {
   return node.replies?.reduce((acc, r) => acc + 1 + countReplies(r), 0) ?? 0;
 }
 
+function findComment(nodes: CommentNode[], id: number): CommentNode | null {
+  for (const n of nodes) {
+    if (n.id === id) return n;
+    if (n.replies?.length) {
+      const hit = findComment(n.replies, id);
+      if (hit) return hit;
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+/** 马赛克头像：保留轮廓，不可辨认 */
+function MosaicAvatar({
+  name,
+  src,
+  size,
+}: {
+  name: string;
+  src?: string;
+  size: number;
+}) {
+  return (
+    <span className="cmt-mosaic-avatar" style={{ width: size, height: size }} aria-hidden>
+      <Avatar name={name || "用户"} src={src || undefined} size={size} />
+    </span>
+  );
+}
+
+/** 马赛克昵称 */
+function MosaicName({ text, className = "" }: { text: string; className?: string }) {
+  return (
+    <span className={`cmt-mosaic-name ${className}`} style={{ color: "var(--ink-2)" }} aria-hidden>
+      {text || "用户"}
+    </span>
+  );
+}
+
 export default function CommentSection({
   postId,
   boardId,
@@ -79,14 +117,16 @@ export default function CommentSection({
   const [replyTarget, setReplyTarget] = useState<{ id: number; nickname: string } | null>(null);
   const [replyContent, setReplyContent] = useState("");
   const [submitting, setSubmitting] = useState(false);
-  const [deletingId, setDeletingId] = useState<number | null>(null);
+  const [deleting, setDeleting] = useState(false);
-  const [confirmingId, setConfirmingId] = useState<number | null>(null);
+  const [deleteTargetId, setDeleteTargetId] = useState<number | null>(null);
   const [acceptingId, setAcceptingId] = useState<number | null>(null);
   const [approvingId, setApprovingId] = useState<number | null>(null);
   const [rejectTargetId, setRejectTargetId] = useState<number | null>(null);
   const [rejecting, setRejecting] = useState(false);
   const [purgeTargetId, setPurgeTargetId] = useState<number | null>(null);
   const [purging, setPurging] = useState(false);
+  const [restoreTargetId, setRestoreTargetId] = useState<number | null>(null);
+  const [restoring, setRestoring] = useState(false);
   // 折叠状态：哪些楼层展开了子回复（默认全部折叠，SSR 初始为收起）
   const [expandedFloors, setExpandedFloors] = useState<Set<number>>(new Set());
   const [commentsOpen, setCommentsOpen] = useState(allowCommentsProp !== false);
@@ -164,19 +204,20 @@ export default function CommentSection({
     }
   };
 
-  const handleDelete = async (commentId: number) => {
+  const deleteTarget = deleteTargetId != null ? findComment(comments, deleteTargetId) : null;
-    if (confirmingId !== commentId) {
+  const deleteMode: "self" | "staff" =
-      setConfirmingId(commentId);
+    deleteTarget && user && user.id === deleteTarget.user_id ? "self" : "staff";
-      setTimeout(() => {
+  const purgeTarget = purgeTargetId != null ? findComment(comments, purgeTargetId) : null;
-        setConfirmingId((cur) => (cur === commentId ? null : cur));
+  const purgeReplyCount = purgeTarget ? countReplies(purgeTarget) : 0;
-      }, CONFIRM_RESET_MS);
+
-      return;
+  const handleDeleteConfirm = async (opts: DeleteCommentPayload) => {
-    }
+    if (deleteTargetId == null) return;
-    setConfirmingId(null);
+    setDeleting(true);
-    setDeletingId(commentId);
     try {
-      const res = await apiDeleteComment(postId, commentId);
+      const res = await apiDeleteComment(postId, deleteTargetId, opts);
       if (res.message) {
+        toast(deleteMode === "self" ? "已删除评论" : "已删除该评论", "ok");
+        setDeleteTargetId(null);
         router.refresh();
       } else {
         toast(res.error || "删除失败");
@@ -184,7 +225,7 @@ export default function CommentSection({
     } catch {
       toast("网络错误，删除失败");
     } finally {
-      setDeletingId(null);
+      setDeleting(false);
     }
   };
 
@@ -256,6 +297,25 @@ export default function CommentSection({
     }
   };
 
+  const handleRestoreConfirm = async () => {
+    if (restoreTargetId == null) return;
+    setRestoring(true);
+    try {
+      const res = await apiRestoreComment(postId, restoreTargetId);
+      if (res.message) {
+        toast("评论已恢复", "ok");
+        setRestoreTargetId(null);
+        router.refresh();
+      } else {
+        toast(res.error || "恢复失败");
+      }
+    } catch (e) {
+      toast(e instanceof Error ? e.message : "恢复失败");
+    } finally {
+      setRestoring(false);
+    }
+  };
+
   // 引用功能已移除：与"回复"功能重叠，且会割裂讨论上下文（抖音风格无此功能）
 
   const canSoftDelete = (comment: CommentNode) =>
@@ -266,6 +326,13 @@ export default function CommentSection({
   const canPurge = (comment: CommentNode) =>
     !!user && canModerateBoard(user, boardId);
 
+  /** 作者可恢复自删；版主可恢复本板任意软删（含管理删除） */
+  const canRestore = (comment: CommentNode) => {
+    if (!comment.deleted || !user) return false;
+    if (canModerateBoard(user, boardId)) return true;
+    return user.id === comment.user_id && !comment.staff_deleted;
+  };
+
   const canApprove = (comment: CommentNode) =>
     !comment.deleted &&
     !!user &&
@@ -348,42 +415,135 @@ export default function CommentSection({
     const isExpanded = isFloor ? expandedFloors.has(c.id) : true;
     const parentAuthor = parent?.user?.nickname || parent?.user?.username;
 
-    // 软删占位：保留楼层/回复位，不展示正文；子回复仍可展开
+    // 软删占位：自删不打码；管理删打码 + 管理员主页链接；版主可见原文
     if (c.deleted) {
-      const tombstoneBody = (
+      const displayName = c.user?.nickname || c.user?.username || "用户";
-        <div
+      const typeLabel = postDeleteTypeLabel(c.delete_type);
-          className="rounded-lg px-3 py-2.5 text-[13px]"
+      const isMod = !!user && canModerateBoard(user, boardId);
-          style={{
+      const isCommenter = !!user && user.id === c.user_id;
-            background: "var(--panel-2)",
+      // 管理删：仅普通访客打码；管理员与评论者本人看真实身份
-            color: "var(--ink-3)",
+      const showMosaic = !!c.staff_deleted && !isMod && !isCommenter;
-            border: "1px dashed var(--line)",
+      const selfReasonForStaff = !c.staff_deleted && !!c.delete_reason && isMod;
-          }}
+      const staffPublicMeta = c.staff_deleted && (!!typeLabel || !!c.delete_reason);
+      const deleter = c.deleted_by_user;
+      const deleterName = deleter
+        ? deleter.nickname || deleter.username || "管理员"
+        : "";
+
+      const identity = showMosaic ? (
+        <MosaicAvatar name={displayName} src={c.user?.avatar} size={isFloor ? 38 : 28} />
+      ) : (
+        <Link
+          href={`/u/${c.user_id}`}
+          className={isFloor ? "shrink-0 mt-0.5" : "shrink-0"}
+          aria-label={displayName}
         >
-          此评论已删除
+          <Avatar name={displayName} src={c.user?.avatar || undefined} size={isFloor ? 38 : 28} />
+        </Link>
+      );
+
+      const nameRow = showMosaic ? (
+        <MosaicName text={displayName} className={isFloor ? "text-sm" : "cmt-reply-name"} />
+      ) : (
+        <Link href={`/u/${c.user_id}`} className="group">
+          <span
+            className={`truncate group-hover:text-[var(--accent)] transition-colors ${
+              isFloor ? "text-sm" : "cmt-reply-name"
+            }`}
+            style={{ color: "var(--ink)" }}
+          >
+            {displayName}
+          </span>
+        </Link>
+      );
+
+      const tombstoneBody = (
+        <div className="cmt-tombstone">
+          <p className="cmt-tombstone-title">
+            {c.staff_deleted ? "管理员已删除此评论" : "评论者已删除此评论"}
+          </p>
+          {staffPublicMeta ? (
+            <p className="cmt-tombstone-reason">
+              {typeLabel ? (
+                <>
+                  <span style={{ color: "var(--ink-2)", fontWeight: 600 }}>{typeLabel}</span>
+                  {c.delete_reason ? " · " : null}
+                </>
+              ) : null}
+              {c.delete_reason || null}
+            </p>
+          ) : null}
+          {c.staff_deleted && deleter ? (
+            <div className="cmt-tombstone-mod">
+              <span>处理人</span>
+              <Link href={`/u/${deleter.id}`} aria-label={`查看管理员 ${deleterName}`}>
+                <Avatar name={deleterName} src={deleter.avatar || undefined} size={20} />
+                {deleterName}
+              </Link>
+            </div>
+          ) : null}
+          {selfReasonForStaff ? (
+            <div className="cmt-tombstone-audit">
+              <span className="cmt-tombstone-audit-label">自删理由 · 仅管理可见</span>
+              <p className="cmt-tombstone-reason !mt-1">{c.delete_reason}</p>
+            </div>
+          ) : null}
+          {isMod && c.content ? (
+            <div className="cmt-tombstone-orig">
+              <span className="cmt-tombstone-audit-label">原文 · 仅管理可见</span>
+              <div className="mt-1.5">
+                <MarkdownBodyClient content={c.content} className="prose-content prose-comment" />
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          ) : null}
+          {c.staff_deleted ? (
+            <span className="cmt-tombstone-tag">管理删除</span>
+          ) : (
+            <span className="cmt-tombstone-tag cmt-tombstone-tag-self">评论者删除</span>
+          )}
         </div>
       );
       const purgeBtn = canPurge(c) && (
         <button
           type="button"
-          className="cmt-reply-btn !text-[var(--danger)]"
+          className="cmt-mod-btn cmt-mod-btn-danger"
-          disabled={purging}
+          disabled={purging || restoring}
           onClick={() => setPurgeTargetId(c.id)}
-          data-tip="彻底删除，不占位"
         >
-          彻底删除
+          清除
         </button>
       );
+      const restoreBtn = canRestore(c) && (
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          className="cmt-mod-btn"
+          style={{ color: "var(--accent)" }}
+          disabled={restoring || purging}
+          onClick={() => setRestoreTargetId(c.id)}
+        >
+          <RotateCcw size={12} />
+          恢复
+        </button>
+      );
+      const tombstoneActions =
+        restoreBtn || purgeBtn ? (
+          <div className="cmt-mod-actions">
+            {restoreBtn}
+            {purgeBtn}
+          </div>
+        ) : null;
 
       if (!isFloor) {
         return (
-          <div key={c.id} id={`comment-${c.id}`} className="cmt-reply-row scroll-mt-24 opacity-80">
+          <div key={c.id} id={`comment-${c.id}`} className="cmt-reply-row scroll-mt-24">
             <div className="flex gap-2.5">
-              <span className="shrink-0 w-7 h-7 rounded-full" style={{ background: "var(--line)" }} aria-hidden />
+              {identity}
               <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
+                <div className="mb-1">{nameRow}</div>
                 {tombstoneBody}
-                <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mt-1.5">
+                <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-3 mt-1.5 flex-wrap">
                   <span className="meta text-[11.5px]">{new Date(c.created_at).toLocaleString("zh-CN")}</span>
-                  {purgeBtn}
+                  {tombstoneActions}
                 </div>
               </div>
             </div>
@@ -400,16 +560,14 @@ export default function CommentSection({
         <div
           key={c.id}
           id={`comment-${c.id}`}
-          className="py-5 border-t first:border-t-0 scroll-mt-24 opacity-90"
+          className="py-5 border-t first:border-t-0 scroll-mt-24"
           style={{ borderColor: "var(--line)" }}
         >
           <div className="flex gap-3">
-            <span className="shrink-0 w-[38px] h-[38px] rounded-full mt-0.5" style={{ background: "var(--line)" }} aria-hidden />
+            {identity}
             <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
               <div className="flex items-center gap-2.5 mb-1.5">
-                <span className="text-sm" style={{ color: "var(--ink-3)" }}>
+                {nameRow}
-                  已删除
-                </span>
                 {floor && (
                   <a href={`#comment-${c.id}`} className="cmt-floor-label" aria-label={`楼层 ${floor}`}>
                     #{floor}
@@ -417,9 +575,9 @@ export default function CommentSection({
                 )}
               </div>
               {tombstoneBody}
-              <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mt-2">
+              <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-3 mt-2 flex-wrap">
                 <span className="meta text-[11.5px]">{new Date(c.created_at).toLocaleString("zh-CN")}</span>
-                {purgeBtn}
+                {tombstoneActions}
               </div>
               {node.replies && node.replies.length > 0 && (
                 <div className="mt-3">
@@ -532,36 +690,34 @@ export default function CommentSection({
                     </>
                   )}
                 </div>
+                {(canSoftDelete(c) || (canPurge(c) && !c.deleted)) && (
+                  <div className="cmt-mod-actions" role="group" aria-label="评论管理">
                     {canSoftDelete(c) && (
                       <button
-                    onClick={() => handleDelete(c.id)}
+                        type="button"
-                    disabled={deletingId === c.id}
+                        className="cmt-mod-btn"
-                    className={`meta transition-colors disabled:opacity-50 p-1 ${
+                        onClick={() => setDeleteTargetId(c.id)}
-                      confirmingId === c.id ? "!text-[var(--danger)]" : "hover:text-[var(--danger)]"
+                        disabled={deleting}
-                    }`}
+                        aria-label="删除评论"
-                    aria-label={confirmingId === c.id ? "再次点击确认删除" : "删除评论"}
-                    data-tip={confirmingId === c.id ? "再点一次确认删除（占位）" : "删除（占位）"}
                       >
-                    {confirmingId === c.id ? (
+                        <Trash2 size={12} />
-                      <span className="text-[11.5px] whitespace-nowrap">确认删除?</span>
+                        删除
-                    ) : (
-                      <Trash2 size={14} />
-                    )}
                       </button>
                     )}
                     {canPurge(c) && (
                       <button
                         type="button"
+                        className="cmt-mod-btn cmt-mod-btn-danger"
                         onClick={() => setPurgeTargetId(c.id)}
                         disabled={purging}
-                    className="meta p-1 hover:text-[var(--danger)] transition-colors"
-                    data-tip="彻底删除，不占位"
                         aria-label="彻底删除"
                       >
-                    <XCircle size={14} />
+                        清除
                       </button>
                     )}
                   </div>
+                )}
+              </div>
               {replyTarget?.id === c.id && inlineReplyForm}
             </div>
           </div>
@@ -659,36 +815,34 @@ export default function CommentSection({
                   </>
                 )}
               </div>
+              {(canSoftDelete(c) || canPurge(c)) && (
+                <div className="cmt-mod-actions" role="group" aria-label="评论管理">
                   {canSoftDelete(c) && (
                     <button
-                  onClick={() => handleDelete(c.id)}
+                      type="button"
-                  disabled={deletingId === c.id}
+                      className="cmt-mod-btn"
-                  className={`meta transition-colors disabled:opacity-50 p-1 ${
+                      onClick={() => setDeleteTargetId(c.id)}
-                    confirmingId === c.id ? "!text-[var(--danger)]" : "hover:text-[var(--danger)]"
+                      disabled={deleting}
-                  }`}
+                      aria-label="删除评论"
-                  aria-label={confirmingId === c.id ? "再次点击确认删除" : "删除评论"}
-                  data-tip={confirmingId === c.id ? "再点一次确认删除（占位）" : "删除（占位）"}
                     >
-                  {confirmingId === c.id ? (
+                      <Trash2 size={12} />
-                    <span className="text-[11.5px] whitespace-nowrap">确认删除?</span>
+                      删除
-                  ) : (
-                    <Trash2 size={14} />
-                  )}
                     </button>
                   )}
                   {canPurge(c) && (
                     <button
                       type="button"
+                      className="cmt-mod-btn cmt-mod-btn-danger"
                       onClick={() => setPurgeTargetId(c.id)}
                       disabled={purging}
-                  className="meta p-1 hover:text-[var(--danger)] transition-colors"
-                  data-tip="彻底删除，不占位"
                       aria-label="彻底删除"
                     >
-                  <XCircle size={14} />
+                      清除
                     </button>
                   )}
                 </div>
+              )}
+            </div>
             {replyTarget?.id === c.id && inlineReplyForm}
 
             {/* 折叠/展开子回复 */}
@@ -829,11 +983,37 @@ export default function CommentSection({
         }}
       />
 
+      <DeleteCommentModal
+        open={deleteTargetId != null}
+        mode={deleteMode}
+        busy={deleting}
+        onClose={() => {
+          if (!deleting) setDeleteTargetId(null);
+        }}
+        onConfirm={(opts) => void handleDeleteConfirm(opts)}
+      />
+
+      <ConfirmDialog
+        open={restoreTargetId != null}
+        title="恢复评论"
+        message="确定恢复这条评论？正文与评论者信息将重新公开显示。"
+        confirmLabel="确认恢复"
+        busy={restoring}
+        onConfirm={handleRestoreConfirm}
+        onCancel={() => {
+          if (!restoring) setRestoreTargetId(null);
+        }}
+      />
+
       <ConfirmDialog
         open={purgeTargetId != null}
         title="彻底删除评论"
-        message="将从数据库永久删除此评论及其全部子回复，不保留占位、不可恢复。刷屏垃圾请用此操作。"
+        message={
-        confirmLabel="彻底删除"
+          purgeReplyCount > 0
+            ? `将永久清除此评论及其 ${purgeReplyCount} 条回复，不保留占位、不可恢复。刷屏/垃圾内容请用此操作；一般违规请用「删除」保留占位。`
+            : "将永久清除此评论，不保留占位、不可恢复。刷屏/垃圾内容请用此操作；一般违规请用「删除」保留占位。"
+        }
+        confirmLabel="永久清除"
         danger
         busy={purging}
         onConfirm={handlePurgeConfirm}

frontend/components/DeleteCommentModal.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+"use client";
+
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import Modal from "@/components/Modal";
+import { POST_DELETE_TYPES } from "@/lib/api";
+
+export type DeleteCommentPayload = {
+  delete_type: string;
+  delete_reason: string;
+};
+
+/**
+ * 评论软删弹窗：
+ * - 评论者自删：必填理由（仅管理可见）
+ * - 管理删：必选类型；仅「其他」须填理由
+ */
+export default function DeleteCommentModal({
+  open,
+  mode,
+  busy,
+  onClose,
+  onConfirm,
+}: {
+  open: boolean;
+  /** self=评论者自删；staff=版主/后台删除 */
+  mode: "self" | "staff";
+  busy?: boolean;
+  onClose: () => void;
+  onConfirm: (opts: DeleteCommentPayload) => void;
+}) {
+  const [deleteType, setDeleteType] = useState("spam");
+  const [reason, setReason] = useState("");
+  const [err, setErr] = useState("");
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (open) {
+      setDeleteType("spam");
+      setReason("");
+      setErr("");
+    }
+  }, [open]);
+
+  if (!open) return null;
+
+  const isStaff = mode === "staff";
+  const reasonRequired = !isStaff || deleteType === "other";
+
+  const submit = () => {
+    const r = reason.trim();
+    if (reasonRequired) {
+      if (!r) {
+        setErr("请填写删除理由");
+        return;
+      }
+      if ([...r].length > 200) {
+        setErr("删除理由不能超过 200 字");
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    onConfirm({
+      delete_type: isStaff ? deleteType : "",
+      delete_reason: reasonRequired ? r : "",
+    });
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <Modal
+      open
+      title={isStaff ? "删除评论" : "删除我的评论"}
+      description={
+        isStaff
+          ? "评论区保留马赛克占位；读者可见删除类型，「其他」时还会展示补充理由。子回复不受影响。"
+          : "评论区保留马赛克占位，读者仅见「评论者已删除此评论」。你填写的理由仅管理员可见。"
+      }
+      onClose={onClose}
+      busy={busy}
+      maxWidthClass="max-w-[440px]"
+      panelClassName="p-5"
+      ariaLabel={isStaff ? "删除评论" : "删除我的评论"}
+      footer={
+        <>
+          <button type="button" className="btn btn-line" onClick={onClose} disabled={busy}>
+            取消
+          </button>
+          <button type="button" className="btn btn-danger" onClick={submit} disabled={busy}>
+            {busy ? "删除中…" : "确认删除"}
+          </button>
+        </>
+      }
+    >
+      {isStaff ? (
+        <>
+          <p className="mb-2 text-[12.5px] font-medium" style={{ color: "var(--ink)" }}>
+            删除类型
+          </p>
+          <div
+            className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-1.5 mb-1"
+            role="radiogroup"
+            aria-label="删除类型"
+          >
+            {POST_DELETE_TYPES.map((t) => {
+              const active = deleteType === t.value;
+              return (
+                <button
+                  key={t.value}
+                  type="button"
+                  role="radio"
+                  aria-checked={active}
+                  onClick={() => {
+                    setDeleteType(t.value);
+                    setErr("");
+                    if (t.value !== "other") setReason("");
+                  }}
+                  className="text-left rounded-lg px-3 py-2.5 text-[13px] transition-colors"
+                  style={{
+                    border: `1.5px solid ${active ? "var(--accent)" : "var(--line)"}`,
+                    background: active ? "var(--accent-soft)" : "var(--panel-2)",
+                    color: active ? "var(--accent)" : "var(--ink)",
+                  }}
+                >
+                  {t.label}
+                </button>
+              );
+            })}
+          </div>
+          <p className="meta text-[11.5px] mb-4 leading-relaxed">
+            选「其他」时需补充理由；其余类型直接按标签展示给读者。
+          </p>
+        </>
+      ) : null}
+
+      {reasonRequired ? (
+        <>
+          <label
+            className="block mb-1.5 text-[12.5px] font-medium"
+            style={{ color: "var(--ink)" }}
+            htmlFor="cmt-delete-reason"
+          >
+            {isStaff ? "补充理由" : "删除理由"}{" "}
+            <span style={{ color: "var(--danger)" }}>*</span>
+          </label>
+          <textarea
+            id="cmt-delete-reason"
+            className="field"
+            rows={3}
+            value={reason}
+            onChange={(e) => {
+              setReason(e.target.value);
+              setErr("");
+            }}
+            placeholder={
+              isStaff
+                ? "向读者说明删除原因（将展示在占位中）"
+                : "例如：发错了 / 不想保留（仅管理员可见）"
+            }
+            maxLength={200}
+            autoFocus={!isStaff}
+          />
+          <p className="meta text-[11.5px] mt-1.5">
+            {isStaff ? "将公开显示在评论占位旁。" : "普通读者看不到这条理由。"}
+          </p>
+        </>
+      ) : null}
+
+      {err ? (
+        <p className="mt-2 text-[12px]" style={{ color: "var(--danger)" }}>
+          {err}
+        </p>
+      ) : null}
+    </Modal>
+  );
+}

frontend/lib/api.ts

@@ -315,6 +315,18 @@ export interface Comment {
   user: User;
   /** 软删占位 */
   deleted?: boolean;
+  /** 管理删除（DeletedBy≠评论者） */
+  staff_deleted?: boolean;
+  delete_type?: string;
+  delete_reason?: string;
+  deleted_by?: number;
+  /** 管理删执行者（公开，用于主页快捷入口） */
+  deleted_by_user?: {
+    id: number;
+    username: string;
+    nickname: string;
+    avatar: string;
+  };
 }
 
 // 评论树节点：主评论为根，replies 为其全部子回复（时间正序，全量 SSR 直出）
@@ -1105,9 +1117,26 @@ export async function apiToggleLike(postId: string) {
   return res.json();
 }
 
-export async function apiDeleteComment(postId: string, commentId: number) {
+export async function apiDeleteComment(
+  postId: string,
+  commentId: number,
+  opts: { delete_type?: string; delete_reason: string }
+) {
   const res = await fetchWithRefresh(`/api/posts/${postId}/comments/${commentId}`, {
     method: "DELETE",
+    headers: clientHeaders({ "Content-Type": "application/json" }),
+    body: JSON.stringify({
+      delete_type: opts.delete_type || "",
+      delete_reason: opts.delete_reason || "",
+    }),
+  });
+  return res.json();
+}
+
+/** 恢复软删评论（自删作者或版主） */
+export async function apiRestoreComment(postId: string, commentId: number) {
+  const res = await fetchWithRefresh(`/api/posts/${postId}/comments/${commentId}/restore`, {
+    method: "PUT",
     headers: clientHeaders(),
   });
   return res.json();
@@ -1735,8 +1764,10 @@ export const apiAdminRestorePost = (id: number) =>
   contentAction(`/api/admin/content/posts/${id}/restore`, "PUT");
 export const apiAdminPurgePost = (id: number) =>
   contentAction(`/api/admin/content/posts/${id}/purge`, "DELETE");
-export const apiAdminSoftDeleteComment = (id: number) =>
+export const apiAdminSoftDeleteComment = (
-  contentAction(`/api/admin/content/comments/${id}`, "DELETE");
+  id: number,
+  opts: { delete_type: string; delete_reason: string }
+) => contentAction(`/api/admin/content/comments/${id}`, "DELETE", opts);
 export const apiAdminRestoreComment = (id: number) =>
   contentAction(`/api/admin/content/comments/${id}/restore`, "PUT");
 export const apiAdminPurgeComment = (id: number) =>